How to keep pigeons off a balcony

Pigeons come back to the same flat spot every day. Take away the flat spot and they move on.

Find the landing places

Watch for a day: railings, the top of an air-conditioner, a window ledge, the gutter. Those are where spikes go.

Fix them end to end

Birds land on the one bare inch you leave. Run strips the full length and fix them with stickers, glue or the metal stakes.

Grey or clear

Grey strips with stakes suit gutters and planters; the clear set is barely visible on glass and metal railings.